EFFICIENCY OF ULTRASOUND MONITORING IN THE DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF OVARIAN PATHOLOGIES IN COWS

Abstract

Ovarian pathologies in cows are among the most common causes of reproductive dysfunction under conditions of industrial dairy farming and are associated with significant reproductive and economic losses. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of ultrasound monitoring in the differential diagnosis of ovarian pathologies in cows. The studies were carried out in 2024–2025 at the facilities of the «Experimental Oilseed Farm» LLP in the East Kazakhstan region. The object of the study comprised dairy cows (Holstein and Black-and-White breeds). The research material included 48 cows with clinical signs of ovarian dysfunction and 12 clinically healthy animals of the control group.

Ovarian pathologies in cows are among the most common causes of reproductive dysfunction under conditions of industrial dairy farming and are associated with significant reproductive and economic losses. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of ultrasound monitoring in the differential diagnosis of ovarian pathologies in cows. The studies were carried out in 2024–2025 at the facilities of the «Experimental Oilseed Farm» LLP in the East Kazakhstan region. The object of the study comprised dairy cows (Holstein and Black-and-White breeds). The research material included 48 cows with clinical signs of ovarian dysfunction and 12 clinically healthy animals of the control group. 88 «Bulletin of Shakarim University. Veterinary an  Diagnostics were performed using transrectal ultrasonography with a linear transducer operating at a frequency of 7.5 MHz, dynamic ultrasound monitoring at 7-day intervals, as well as hormonal verification based on the determination of progesterone levels in blood serum. It was established that the diagnostic accuracy of a single ultrasound examination was 72.9%, whereas the use of dynamic ultrasound monitoring increased this indicator to 91.7%. The application of monitoring contributed to a reduction in the time required to establish an accurate diagnosis from 18.6 ± 2.4 to 7.3 ± 1.1 days and to the restoration of estrous cyclicity in 79.2% of cows. The obtained results indicate the high efficiency of ultrasound monitoring as a tool for the differential diagnosis of ovarian pathologies and for optimizing reproductive management in dairy farming.