ENVIRONMENTALLY SAFE APPROACHES TO THE CONTROL OF VARROATOSIS IN HONEY BEE COLONIES
Keywords:
varroatosis, Varroa destructor, honey bee colonies, oxalic acid, thermal treatment, biotechnical methods, ecological safety, productivity.Abstract
Varroatosis caused by the parasitic mite Varroa destructor remains one of the most serious threats to honey bee health worldwide. The spread of this parasite has been associated with reduced colony strength, impaired immunity, metabolic disorders, increased susceptibility to viral infections, and significant productivity losses in apiculture. This review summarizes current approaches to the control of varroatosis, with particular attention to their effectiveness, influence on honey bee colony productivity, and ecological safety. The paper considers chemical acaricides, organic acids, thermal treatment, and biotechnical methods within the framework of sustainable beekeeping and integrated pest management. Special attention is paid to the balance between mite suppression and preservation of environmentally safe bee products. Based on the analyzed literature and the conclusions presented in the source article, oxalic acid and thermal treatment appear to provide the most favorable combination of efficacy, productivity preservation, and ecological safety. These approaches can therefore be recommended as promising components of modern sustainable varroatosis control systems.
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